Both rTMS and tDCS can improve motor function, cognitive function, working memory, depression and chronic pain ( Figure 1). Facilitation of plasticity whereby cortical excitability is modulated using tDCS and rTMS, which are types of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), is potentially therapeutic for patients recovering from stroke or Parkinson’s disease. The efficacy of tDCS and cTBS in patients with motor disorders caused by stroke or Parkinson’s disease will probably be further improved when combined with physical therapy.Ĭortical plasticity enables modification of functional organization of the cerebral cortex as a result of experience. It is suggested that performance was improved because movement became smoother. In patients with Parkinson’s disease, gait speed and step length were increased. Improved movement due to reduction of excessive tension caused by spasticity was observed. Change in speed of movement and performance was observed with both tDCS and cTBS, but there was not a significantly large difference between the stimuli. Both stimuli resulted in significant improvement compared with a sham stimulus. For both types of stimuli, kinetic analysis and performance analysis of upper limb motor paralysis and gait analysis showed an increase in speed of movement, and an improvement in performance was observed. The aim of this study was to clarify and compare the efficacies of rehabilitation using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), in convalescing stroke and Parkinson’s disease patients.
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